Wolfgang Halbig, 73, was charged with unlawful possession of the personal identification of Leonard Pozner, whose son was killed in the shooting.
Mr Halbig has continued to torment the victims' families through emails and phone calls, according to an affidavit.
He was released on $5,000 (£3,800) bond and will appear in court next month.
Mr Halbig was released on Monday. His arraignment has been scheduled for 24 February.
Mr Halbig could face up to a year in prison.
In the years after the school shooting, Mr Halbig, a retired public school official, worked with prominent conspiracy theorist and US radio host Alex Jones to harass victims' families and promote a false claim that the shooting was a government hoax designed to take away Americans' right to own firearms.