The Tunisian capital was in turmoil on Saturday as squads of men in civilian clothes driving through the city at high speed shooting randomly at buildings and people in what analysts suspect was an attempt by forces loyal to the ousted president to sow chaos and destabilise a tense transition.
The dramatic transition that swept president
Zein al-Abidine Ben Ali from power on Friday took another twist as the prime minister who had taken over as caretaker president was also pushed aside and the speaker of parliament assumed presidential powers.
As Mr Ben Ali, the president for 23 years, landed in Saudi Arabia after fleeing the country in the face of month-long violent protests, demonstrations broke out in several Tunisian cities demanding the removal of Mohamed Ghannouchi, the prime minister who had assumed presidential powers on Friday and promised wide-ranging reforms.
The army was struggling to restore order amid a wave of looting and destruction by young gangs. Reuters reporters witnessed a number of shootings in the capital, Tunis.
The constitutional council, the highest legal authority in the country, announced that the speaker of parliament, Fouad Mebazaa would be the interim president, and said that, according to the constitution, presidential elections would now have to be held within 60 days.
The fast-paced events have left a security vacuum in many parts of the country which has been exploited by groups of youth looting shops and attacking citizens overnight.
Many Tunisians said they suspected that gangs affiliated with Ben Ali were bent on sowing chaos and destabilising the transition to a new order.
Tens of prisoners were killed in a fire at a jail in the resort town of Monastir and other inmates have fled, three witnesses Reuters reported on Saturday.
George Joffe, a North Africa expert at Cambridge university, said there were signs of a power struggle within the ruling RCD party long controlled by Mr Ben Ali. “The problem is that the army was brought in but it doesn’t want to get involved so it wants a constitutional set-up that has legitimacy,” he said.
In Sidi Bouzid, the town where the riots began in December after a young man set himself on fire when police confiscated his stall of fruit and vegetables, middle-aged women and teachers were marching Saturday morning and calling on Mr Ghannouchi to go.
They also demanded that the former interior minister, blamed for dozens of deaths in recent weeks, be put on trial or driven out of the country. A chanting crowd of about 250 people gathered around the headquarters of the ruling party, some attempting to climb the railings while others burnt posters of Mr Ben Ali. The crowd began to disperse after an army jeep arrived and two soldiers with small arms.
The end of the Ben Ali era marks a rare case of an Arab leader brought down by popular revolt. It will alarm the region’s autocratic leaders but give hope to younger people that change is possible. But given the firm control that Mr Ben Ali held over all state institutions, his departure is set to be the beginning of a long and painful transition.
“This is a crucial moment. There is a change of regime under way,” Najib Chebbi, an opposition leader, told a French television station. “It must lead to profound reforms ... and let the people choose.”
On Friday the White House said the US applauded the “courage and dignity” of Tunisians and stood witness to “this brave and determined struggle for the universal rights that we must all uphold”. It called on the government to hold free and fair elections.
Riots started a month ago with
protests by unemployed graduates but quickly spread, reaching Tunis earlier this week. Although the ex-president rolled out one concession after another, the demands of Tunisians coalesced around one issue: that Mr Ben Ali had to leave.
A population that has been silenced by restrictions on free speech suddenly found a voice, with much of the fury directed at Mr Ben Ali’s family. “Hearts were so filled with anger,” said a local analyst.
The unrest in the country of 10m people has left dozens dead, as police fired on protesters. The army, more respected than the police, was deployed across the country over the past week, but for the most part stayed outside towns.
Earlier on Friday, Mr Ben Ali was still desperately clinging to power, announcing that he was dismissing his government and would hold legislative elections in six months. But the thousands of Tunisians who took to the streets of the capital were not satisfied. “Go, go, go ... game over,” they chanted.