I only looked at 2-star DPS food vs sub-50 DPS food, but it seems worse off or marginally better in all cases. Keep in mind the game will floor all your gains.
Lava Toad Legs vs. Stuffed Cabbage
VIT: +19 (634 req'd) vs +13 (325 req'd). You won't get the full benefit out of either. 2-Star wins after 467 VIT.
ACC: +27 (675 req'd) vs +21 (420 req'd). 2-Star wins after 550 ACC.
CRIT: +11 (550 req'd) vs +9 (450 req'd). 2-star wins after 500 CRIT.
At best 2-star wins by 1-2 CRIT but generally loses out by 3-4 accuracy.
Black Truffle Risotto vs. Buttons in a Blanket
VIT: +19 (634 req'd) vs +15 (375 req'd). You won't get the full benefit out of either. 2-Star wins when you're above 533 VIT.
CRIT: +11 (550 req'd) vs +10 (450 req'd). 2-Star wins when you're above 550 CRIT
DET: +17 (425 req'd) vs +16 (320 req'd). 2-Star wins when you're above 425 DET.
Buttons in a Blanket wins for me.
Apkallu Omelet vs. Deviled Eggs
VIT: +19 (634 req'd) vs +14 (350 req'd). Deviled Eggs wins for me by 3 VIT. 2-Star will win when you're above 500 VIT.
CRIT: +27 (675 req'd) vs +24 (480 req'd). Deviled Eggs wins for me by 2 CRIT. 2-Star wins when you're above 625 CRIT.
ACC: +11 (634 req'd) vs. +10 (500 req'd). 2-Star wins when you're above 634 ACC.
Deviled Eggs wins for me on SMN and BLM.
You need some obscene stats for 2-Star to win in most situations. I don't even think upgrading your gear with 2.2 loot will put you anywhere close to the thresholds needed for it to be worthwhile while you progress. Maybe I'm lucky as a DPS, but calculate this stuff out for your own class before you go out and spend your money; it might actually be to your detriment to use 2-Star food. If you're below the cap on any stat for sub-50 food it will always scale faster as you upgrade your gear (the high +% gains).